How to Build a Wheelchair Ramp

Making a wheelchair ramp can be a daunting task, especially if you are not familiar with construction. However, with some proper planning and the right materials, it can become a DIY project for anyone. Providing a wheelchair ramp in your home or business can enhance accessibility for people with limited mobility and provide them with the independence they deserve.

Firstly, it’s important to determine the length and slope of your ramp. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) recommends a slope of 1:12, which means that for every inch of vertical rise, 12 inches of ramping is required. Thus, a 6-inch rise will require a 6-foot ramp. You can either purchase pre-made ramp kits or build one from scratch. Materials to consider include pressure-treated lumber, plywood, concrete, metal or aluminum. While wooden ramps are the most common, metal or aluminum ones provide more durability and less upkeep. Make sure to follow your local building codes and secure the ramp safely to prevent any accidents.

1. Assessing the Accessibility Needs

Before you build a wheelchair ramp, you need to consider the accessibility needs of whomever will be using it. Take into account factors such as the angle of the slope, the width of the ramp, and the landing area at the top and bottom. Also, consider the entryway to the building and any restrictions it may have.

2. Choosing the Ramp Type

There are different ramp types to choose from, including permanent and portable ramps. A permanent ramp is built into the structure and is designed to last for years. A portable ramp, on the other hand, can be moved from one location to another and is ideal for temporary solutions.

3. Measuring the Space

Once you know what type of ramp you need, you need to measure the space where it will be installed. Measure the height of the stairs or curbs, the length of the ramp, and the width of the landing at the top and bottom of the ramp.

4. Finding the Right Materials

The materials you use to build your ramp will depend on your budget, the layout of the space, and the durability of the materials. Common materials used for ramps include concrete, wood, steel, and aluminum.

5. Planning the Ramp Layout

When it comes to building the ramp, you need to carefully plan the layout to ensure it is safe and effective. Depending on your needs, you may need to build a switchback ramp or add landings to the ramp to make it easier to use.

6. Building the Ramp

Once you have all the necessary materials and a plan in place, you can begin building the ramp. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully and make sure to use a level to ensure the ramp is even.

7. Adding Handrails

Handrails are an important safety feature for any wheelchair ramp. Make sure you install them at the correct height and that they are strong enough to support the weight of the user.

8. Paint and Finish

Once your ramp is built, you can paint or finish it to help protect it from the elements. Choose a non-slip finish to help prevent accidents.

9. Maintenance Tips

A wheelchair ramp requires ongoing maintenance to ensure it lasts for years. Regularly check for any damage and make repairs as needed. You may also need to re-paint or re-finish the ramp periodically.

10. Final Thoughts

Building a wheelchair ramp can be a challenging task, but with the right materials and a good plan, you can create a safe and effective ramp that will help make your building more accessible to everyone. Be sure to follow all of the safety guidelines and regulations in your area to ensure your ramp meets all of the necessary standards.

Choosing the Right Materials for Your Wheelchair Ramp

When it comes to making a wheelchair ramp, one of the most important considerations is the material you choose. A ramp made from sub-standard materials could pose a safety hazard and could end up costing you more in the long run due to maintenance and repair expenses.

In this section, we’ll discuss some of the most commonly used materials for building wheelchair ramps, along with their pros and cons.

Wooden Ramps

Wooden ramps are one of the most popular types of ramps because they are affordable and easy to build. They can be painted or stained to match the exterior of your home, and can also be designed in various sizes and shapes to fit any space.

However, wooden ramps require regular maintenance, as they are susceptible to rot, termites, and other forms of damage. Plus, they may not be as long-lasting as other materials like concrete or aluminum.

Concrete Ramps

Concrete ramps are a more durable option for wheelchair ramps. They are made from a mixture of cement, sand, gravel, and water, making them highly resistant to damage from the elements and use.

One drawback of concrete ramps is that they are costly to install and require a professional contractor. Additionally, once they are installed, they cannot be easily repositioned or removed.

Aluminum Ramps

Aluminum ramps are a lightweight and long-lasting option for wheelchair ramps. They are resistant to rust and corrosion, making them ideal for outdoor use. Plus, they can be easily assembled and disassembled for storage and transport.

However, aluminum ramps can be costly, which may not be feasible for those on a tight budget. They also tend to get very hot in direct sunlight, which may pose a risk for individuals with sensitive skin.

Modular Ramps

Modular ramps are pre-built ramps that can be easily assembled and disassembled. They are available in various materials such as aluminum, wood, and steel and come in standard sizes that can be adjusted to fit your specific needs.

One advantage of modular ramps is that they are easy to install and require minimal maintenance. They can also be removed easily if no longer needed.

Steel Ramps

Steel ramps are another durable option for wheelchair ramps. They are typically made from galvanized steel, which protects them from rust and corrosion. They also have a high weight capacity, making them ideal for heavy-duty use.

However, steel ramps can be heavy and difficult to install without the help of a professional. They may also rust over time if not properly maintained.

Composite Ramps

Composite ramps are a newer option for wheelchair ramps. These ramps are made from a combination of plastic and wood fibers, making them resistant to rot and termites. They also have a high weight capacity and require little maintenance.

Composite ramps tend to be more expensive than wooden ramps, but they are not as costly as other materials like concrete or aluminum.

Brick or Stone Ramps

Brick or stone ramps are a stylish and durable option for wheelchair ramps. They are highly resistant to damage from the elements, and can also add visual appeal to your home.

However, brick and stone ramps can be costly to install, and may require a professional contractor. They can also be difficult to navigate for some individuals with mobility issues.

PVC Ramps

PVC ramps are a lightweight and affordable option for wheelchair ramps. They are made from a durable plastic material that resists damage from the elements.

However, PVC ramps may not be suitable for heavy-duty use, as they have a lower weight capacity than other materials like concrete or steel.

Choosing the Right Ramp Material

When choosing the right material for your wheelchair ramp, consider factors like your budget, the location of the ramp, and your specific needs. Think about long-term maintenance, durability, and ease of installation before making a decision.

No matter what material you choose, make sure that your ramp is built to code and meets safety standards to ensure the safety of yourself and those who will be using it.

Types of Wheelchair Ramps

There are various types of wheelchair ramps, as different situations and needs demand different ramp types. Below are the five types of wheelchair ramps:

Modular Ramp

A modular ramp is made up of metal ramps with aluminum or steel material forming a framework. The ramp is assembled using different sections joined together to suit different angles. It is a flexible ramp that can be designed to fit any space, and it can be easily installed and removed. The ramp is durable and requires low maintenance, but the cost can be high, and it may not be suitable for longer ramps.

Wood Ramp

A wood ramp is one of the most affordable and customizable ramps. It is made of different types of wood, depending on personal preference and strength needed. The wood ramp can be designed to suit any space, and it is easy to install and remove. However, wood requires maintenance to prevent rot or splinters, and it may not be suitable for high traffic areas.

Concrete Ramp

A concrete ramp provides a permanent and durable ramp. It is low maintenance and can be designed creatively to suit different spaces. The concrete is poured into a framework to form a ramp, and it is usually designed to blend with the surroundings. However, concrete ramps are expensive, difficult to install and remove, and may require permits from the local authority.

Fiberglass Ramp

A fiberglass ramp is lightweight and durable, which makes it easy to handle and install. The ramp can be designed to fit a space or cut to size on-site. It is low maintenance and can last for a long time without showing signs of wear or tear. However, fiberglass ramps are expensive and may not be suitable for longer ramps.

Threshold Ramp

A threshold ramp is designed for low-rise thresholds and can be used for single or multiple steps. It is relatively affordable, easy to install, and can fit any space. The ramp is made of rubber or aluminum, which makes it durable and easy to handle. However, it may not be suitable for longer ramps or higher thresholds, and it may require an additional ramp for bigger areas.

Time to Ramp Up Your Accessibility Game

And that’s all there is to it – making a wheelchair ramp doesn’t have to be difficult, expensive or intimidating! By following these few simple steps, you can make a custom ramp that will provide a safe and smooth transition for anyone with mobility challenges. We hope this guide has been helpful and easy to follow. Thanks for reading and be sure to check back for more accessibility tips and tricks!